Chapter 2 literature review outline

Chapter 2 literature review outline

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION In Chapter 1, the background and problem, purpose, objectives, research approach and significance of the study were described. As part of the discussion of the background to the problem, the researcher referred to  · Before writing Chapter Two of your research project, it is expected that you have completed your chapter one which is the foundation on which the review will be based on. This segment of your research work is most often titled Literature Review or Review of Related Literature. Literature review entails the presentation of a well-structured, articulated and organized reports of scholarly  · �� Literature Review Outline: General Information. Literature reviews are written mostly in sciences and social sciences, and sometimes in humanities. A literature review aims to discuss published information on the studies in a particular area. The most simple version of a literature review can be a mere summary of the sources

It will include both chapter 2 literature review outline and empirical works. Both types provide scope and depth to a literature review. When drawing boundaries around an idea, topic, or subject area, it helps to think about how and where the information for the field is produced. For this, you need to identify the disciplines of knowledge production in a subject area.

Information does not exist in the environment like some kind of raw material. It is produced by individuals working within a particular field of knowledge who use specific methods for generating new information, chapter 2 literature review outline. Disciplines are knowledge-producing and -disseminating systems which consume, produce and disseminate knowledge. Looking through a course catalog of a post-secondary educational institution gives clues to the structure of a discipline structure.

Fields such as political science, biology, history and mathematics are unique disciplines, as are education and nursing, with their own logic for how and where new knowledge is introduced and made accessible.

You will need to become comfortable with identifying the disciplines that might contribute information to any search strategy. When you do this, you will also learn how to decode the way how people talk about a topic within a discipline. This will be useful to you when you begin a review of the literature in your area of study. For example, think about the disciplines that might contribute information to a the topic such as the role of sports in society.

Try to anticipate the type of perspective each discipline might have on the topic. Consider the following types of questions as you examine what different disciplines might contribute:.

In this example, we identify two disciplines that have something to say about the role of sports in society: allied health and education. What would each of these disciplines raise as key questions or issues related to that topic? We see that a single topic can be approached from many different perspectives depending on how the disciplinary boundaries are drawn and how the topic is framed.

This step of the research process requires you to make some decisions early on to focus the topic on a manageable and appropriate scope for the rest of the strategy. Although your own literature review will focus on primary, peer-reviewed resources, it will begin by first grounding yourself in background subject information generally found in secondary and tertiary sources such as books and encyclopedias.

Once you have that essential overview, you delve into the seminal literature of the field. As a result, while your literature review may consist of research articles tightly focused on your topic with secondary and tertiary sources used more sparingly, all three types of information primary, secondary, tertiary are critical to your research.

It can also be found in newspapers, encyclopedias, textbooks, as well as websites and reports written by government agencies and professional organizations. These sources are found through different tools that we will discuss later in chapter 2 literature review outline section. No single source will have all of the information resources you should consult. A comprehensive literature review should include searches in the following:, chapter 2 literature review outline.

These distinct stages show how information is created, reviewed, and distributed over time. Follow the image link to view the full tutorial.

The following chart can be used to guide you in searching literature existing at various stages of the scholarly communication process freely accessible sources are linked, subscription or subscribed sources are listed but not linked :.

HSRR Health Services and Sciences Research Resources. RePORTER Database of NIH funded research projects. Theses Canada Portal. PubMed limiting search results to Technical Report under Limits. To continue our discussion of information sources, there are two ways published information in the field can be categorized:.

Journals, trade publications, and magazines are all periodicals, and articles from these publications they can all look similar article by article when you are searching in the databases. It is good to review the differences and think about when to use information from each chapter 2 literature review outline of periodical.

A magazine is a collection of articles and images about diverse topics of popular interest and current events. Popular magazines like Psychology TodaySports Illustratedand Rolling Stone can be good sources for articles on recent events or pop-culture topics, while HarpersScientific Americanand The New Republic will offer more in-depth articles on a wider range of subjects. These articles are geared towards readers who, although not experts, are knowledgeable about the issues presented. Trade publications or trade journals are periodicals directed to members of a specific profession, chapter 2 literature review outline.

They often have information about industry trends and practical information for people working in the field. Trade publications are geared towards professionals in a discipline, chapter 2 literature review outline. They report news and trends in a field, but not original research. They may provide product or service reviews, job listings, and advertisements.

Scholarly, academic, and scientific publications are a collections of articles written by scholars in an academic or professional field. Most journals are peer-reviewed or refereed, which means a panel of scholars reviews articles to decide if they should be accepted into a specific publication. Journal articles are the main source of information for researchers and for literature reviews. Scholarly journals provider articles of interest to experts or researchers in a discipline.

An editorial board of respected scholars peers reviews all articles submitted to a journal. They decide if the article provides a noteworthy contribution to the field and should be published.

There are typically few little or no advertisements. Articles published in scholarly journals will include a list of references.

Increasingly, scholars are publishing findings and original research in open access journals. Open access journals are scholarly and peer-reviewed and open access publishers provide unrestricted access and unrestricted use. Open access is a means of disseminating scholarly research that breaks from chapter 2 literature review outline traditional subscription model of academic publishing.

It is free of chapter 2 literature review outline to readers and because it is online, it is available at anytime, anywhere in the world, to anyone with access to the internet. The Directory of Open Access Journals DOAJ indexes and provides access to high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarly articles.

In summary, newspapers and other popular press publications are useful for getting general topic ideas. Trade publications are useful for practical application in a profession and may also be a good source of keywords for future searching.

Scholarly journals are the conversation of the scholars who are doing research in a specific discipline and publishing their research findings. Primary sources of information are those types of information that come first. Some examples of primary sources are:. There are different types of primary sources for different disciplines.

In the discipline of history, for example, a diary or transcript of a speech is a primary source, chapter 2 literature review outline. In education and nursing, primary sources will generally be original research, including data sets. Secondary chapter 2 literature review outline are written about primary sources to interpret or analyze them. They are a step or more removed from the primary event or item. Some examples of secondary sources are:. Tertiary sources are further removed from the original material and are a distillation and collection of primary and secondary sources.

Some examples are:. In this section, we discuss how to find not only information, but the sources of information in your discipline or topic area.

As we see in the graphic and chart above, the information you need for your literature review will be located in multiple places. How and where research and publication occurs drives how and where the information is located, which in turn determines how you will discover and retrieve it. When we talk about information sources for a literature review in education or nursing, we chapter 2 literature review outline mean these five areas: the internet, reference material and other books, empirical or evidence-based articles in scholarly, peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings and papers, dissertations and theses, and grey literature.

Reference materials and books are available in both print and electronic formats. They provide gateway knowledge to a subject area and are useful at the beginning of the research process to:. Another major category of information sources is scholarly information produced by subject experts working in academic institutions, research centers and scholarly organizations. Scholars and researchers generate information that advances our knowledge and understanding of the world.

The research they do creates new opportunities for inventions, chapter 2 literature review outline, practical applications, and new approaches to solving problems or understanding issues.

Academics, researchers and students at universities make their contributions to scholarly knowledge available in many forms:. Scholars and researchers introduce their discoveries to the world in a formal system of information dissemination that has developed over centuries. Likewise, scholarly journal articles are generally considered to be among the most reliable sources of information because they have gone through a peer-review process.

Conferences are a major source of emerging research where researchers present papers on their current research and obtain feedback from the audience. The papers presented in the conference are then usually published in a volume called a conference proceeding, chapter 2 literature review outline. Conference proceedings highlight current discussion in a discipline and can lead you to scholars who are interested in specific research areas.

A word about conference papers: several factors contribute to making these documents difficult to find. It may be months before a paper is published as a journal article, or it may never be published. Publishers and professional associations are inconsistent in how they publish proceedings. For example, the papers from an annual conference may be published as individual, stand-alone titles, which may be indexed in a library catalog, or the conference proceedings may be treated more like a periodical or serial and, therefore, indexed in a journal database.

It is not unusual that papers delivered at professional conferences chapter 2 literature review outline not published in print or electronic form, although an abstract may be available.

In these cases, the full paper may only be available from the author or authors. The most important thing to remember is that if you have any difficulty finding a conference proceeding or paper, ask a librarian for assistance.

Dissertations and theses can be rich sources of information and have extensive reference lists to scan for resources. By understanding what the literature in your field is, as chapter 2 literature review outline as how and when it is generated, you begin to know what is available and where to chapter 2 literature review outline for it, chapter 2 literature review outline. By conceptualizing or scoping how and where the literature of your discipline or topic area is generated, you have started on your way to writing your own literature review.

Sources can vary greatly in terms of how carefully they chapter 2 literature review outline researched, written, edited, and reviewed for accuracy.

Common sense will help you identify obviously questionable sources, such as tabloids that feature tales of alien abductions, or personal websites with glaring typos. For each of these information needs, indicate what resources would be the best fit to answer your question.

See Answer Key for the correct response.

How To Write A Literature Review In 3 Simple Steps (FREE Template With Examples)

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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Heading. 1. Introduction. Literature review coverage and search strategy. blogger.comsis of literature. Add your sub-headings/topics here. blogger.comtical framework. Add your theory that is used as foundation of the study. 4. Method. 5. Significance. 6. Overall observation of literature review. Add conclusions CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY. Heading  · Before writing Chapter Two of your research project, it is expected that you have completed your chapter one which is the foundation on which the review will be based on. This segment of your research work is most often titled Literature Review or Review of Related Literature. Literature review entails the presentation of a well-structured, articulated and organized reports of scholarly Chapter 2 Literature Review INTRODUCTION The purpose of this literature review is to provide the reader with a general overview of environmental modeling as it pertains to GIS. Recently, this concept has become a popular subject in many science and engineering fields.